Sustainable Livelihood Analysis (SLA) has since the 1990s become the dominant approach to the implementation of development interventions by a number of major international agencies. Banni, at one time considered the largest grassland of its kind in Asia, has fallen upon sad times in the last decade. Jodha, N.S., 1986. Soils of Gujarat for Optimising Landuse. The Coping Strategies Index: A tool for rapidly measuring food security and ... important to understand longer-term livelihood strategies in an emergency, research has shown that the management of short-term consumption strategies is an accurate indicator of food security. Our agriculture and food security programs and advocacy promote locally sustainable solutions that meet the needs of small-scale producers, particularly women. profession. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2009.07.015. accounts for 2.5 times more than other categories. Across livelihood clusters, the highest proportions of households in the poorest quintile were found in the NW (58%) and NE Pastoral (38%) livelihood clusters. Hence Dahod, Dangs and, Narmada districts require policy intervention for both economic, and social development. The Ecological Security Index was the highest in Ambika community forests with value 87.2 and the lowest value was 49.99 of Janata community forest. Available online at www.gca.org. Common property resources and rural poor in dry regions of India. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. These categories are (or are related to) livelihood objectives/purposes (following the ECHO-KRI approach or pattern)3: The assembling categories are: Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. However, different, parts of the state require different kinds of development, In the remainder of the paper, we present an overview of the, existing development indicators. The livelihood concept offers a more complete picture of the complexities of making a living in rural areas of low income countries than terms formerly considered adequate, such as subsistence, incomes, or employment. The present Greening of the mind. The poor performance of the, Kutch district has an SLSI ranking second from the bottom, because of low EEI and ESI rankings, thus warranting special, attention for improving the economic and ecological status of the, district. The Returnee Food Security and Livelihood assessment conducted in September 2012 in the districts of Musanze (Northern Province) and Karongi (Western Province) showed that 65% of the surveyed returnee households were food insecure, very high compared to the national average Total 3 focus group discussions were conducted with the users group. Th, development index, educationindex, health index and housing index. Per capita food grain production and per capita milk, production for the rural population reveal how equitably the basic. We found that, when it comes to natural resources, human resources, physical assets, financial assets, and social resources, the most vulnerable areas are concentrated in western China. By utilising the secondary data from various sources, a composite livelihood security index has been computed from six domain security indices through standardisation of 23 odd variables and equalising the contribution of each indicator through an average weighted approach by adopting methods of Human Development Index (HDI) calculation. The persistently increasing inequality, improper management of resources, natural calamities, and exponential population growth have created a significant threat to the successful development of sustainable … There are two main coping indicators used in the food security analysis: The Reduced Coping Strategy Index … imperative that this study sought to address challenges and opportunities of military training These, districts have low food grain and milk productivity, higher level of, poverty, and low female literacy. From Stockholm to Rio de Janeiro: the road to sustain-. Life expectancy at birth (LEB) and infant mortality rate (IMR), are two reliable indicators of the health of a population. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 28, 559–586. It draws from different, while complementary strands of the literature, investigating seed systems. All rights reserved. Sustainable Livelihood Security Index is one of the efficient and flexible frameworks to analyze a territory’s sustainable security encompassing the social equity, ecological security and economic efficiency heads. In some respects, food security is a sub-component of household livelihood security. Mehta, N., 2006. Livelihood Security | Life Education and Development Support Poverty in India is one of the major factors hindering the development of the country. Hence, economic development and social development require special, attention in Dahod. Gujarat Ecology Commission (GEC). The Coping Strategy Index (CSI) measures food insecurity by considering the activities undertaken by households to manage food shortages. Tribal families in the state’s below poverty line (BPL) list. It can function as an educational and a policy tool for promoting a holistic perspective among planners, administrators, and development workers. These districts also have very low ranks in gender development index, education index, health index and housing index. These were the key impacts that affected livelihoods One focusing on functional aspects of farmers’ seed systems, such as availability, access and varietal suitability, while the other stems from seed sovereignty movement which looks at seed systems from a rights perspective. However, in an agriculture-based economy, like that of India, a judicious ratio has to be maintained amongst grasslands, croplands and forestlands, in order to obtain optimum results in socio-economic and ecological terms. ). Least access of basic amenities, least social and health security, and higher reliance Each dimension is composed of multiple indicators based on survey data from Joint IDP Profiling Service (JIPS), as shown in Figure 4. Food Security and Sustainable Livelihoods South Sudan Context. Improper soil and water management conditions like damming of. For instance, the eastern districts of the state, dominated by scheduled tribes’ population have very low EEI and SEI rankings, although they have high ESI ranking. It finds that the SLSI based on its simplicity and flexibility, is one of the most comprehensive yet simple indices for measuring long-term livelihood security in rural areas. The Saurashtra region (Jamnagar, Porbandar, Rajkot, Junagarh, Amreli, and Bhavnagar districts), and north and central part of, Gujarat are relatively better in terms of economic efficiency and. A Household Livelihood Security Assessment (HLSA) is a type of rapid rural appraisal (RRA) or participatory rural appraisal (PRA). The denominator, in fact, serves as a scale, by which the extent of the better performance of the, weighted average of all the component indices [SLSI, In view of our three-dimensional conception of SD and hence, SLS, SLSI will have three component indices, i.e. security and livelihood sector under a COVID-19 operational framework. purposive sampling to distribute 196 KDF and BATUK soldiers across Archer’s Post training Maternal, survival rate, which is calculated as 1000 minus the maternal, mortality rate, signifies the general health condition of the, population. Situation is more or less similar for other pasturelands. The model was applied with data from two major coastal areas(Cox’s Bazar and Satkhira) of Bangladesh and is applicable to other coastal areas having similar settings. The groundwater in these formations is, Rajkot, Porbandar, Patan, Mehsana, and Surendranagar districts, have lowest ESI ranking. The ratio of their population share to their share in poor population is most unfavourable in Gujarat among all the major states. Three types of capacities are identified as the Triggers, Pushers and Optimizers, respectively, acting on the generative process of livelihood resilience for households. Livelihoods and Food Security Given the above as backdrop, household attemp ts to secure sufficient amounts of food are a central component of their livelihood strate gies. These key indicators are grouped by objective (or purpose of the action they mean to measure), to make it easier for … This paper presents a sustainable livelihood security index (SLSI) by selecting 20 indicators and positions them within the ecological, economic, and social dimensions of sustainable development for the Indian west coast. For instance, the eastern districts of the state, dominated by scheduled tribes’ population have very low EEI and SEI rankings, although they have high ESI ranking. CONTENT SUMMARY Brief Description: A Household Livelihood Security Assessment (HLSA) is a holistic and multi-disciplinary analysis. By utilising the secondary data from various sources, a composite livelihood security index has been computed from six domain security indices through standardisation of 23 odd variables and equalising the contribution of each indicator through an average weighted approach by adopting methods of Human Development Index (HDI) calculation. Many regions traditionally dominated by pastoral activities have been subject to far reaching transformations, generally including total or partial break-up of nomadic and pastoral systems. social equity; (ii) calculation of three indices, i.e. McCracken, J.A., Pretty, J.N., 1988. II. ), as well as management and social conditions. The focus of this study is to look into the sustainability of three newly formed states in the year 2000: Chhattisgarh, Uttarakhand and Jharkhand in the three heads … Groundwater recharge potential, which is the ratio of, gross annual recharge to gross annual draft of groundwater, thus, can be understood as being the opposite of groundwater, development. Similarly the Simpson’s index was the highest about 0.798±0.045 in Janata CF and lowest was about 0.532±0.036 in Ambika CF. The findings is Indeed, if a long-term military career is foreseen, one that will culminate in high This confirmed the country report of Understanding of Children's Work Programme which indicated that household income plays a role in decisions about children's work and their education attendance with households with higher income having more children attend school than low income families (UCW, 2014 In practice, applying the sustainable livelihoods framework allowed the researcher to see the complexity of the issues and the linkages to other components within the framework. The livelihood strategies and activities of poor people are often complex and diverse. These are associated with all types of livelihoods interventions and with all their phases (emergency, post-emergency, recovery and development). 2.1 Defining Food Security Food security refers broadly to the ability of individuals to obtain sufficient food on a day-to-day basis. sustainability indices. Our results suggest that the LS strategy would be the most economically profitable among the five household livelihood strategies in the typical grassland region of Inner Mongolia. Using qualitative evidence in the sector, this last chapter looks at seed sovereignty from the perspective of a fragile state in the context of international and national governance regimes. Data from China’s Ministry of Civil Affairs show that more than 75% of the country’s poor live in rural areas. Ministry of Finance, MSSRF, 1993. up to a distance of 2–6 km because of topographical depressions. Judges‟ response was taken by … Based on the value obtained for livelihood security index sample households are categorized into low, moderate and households with high index value. Institute of Economic, Saleth, R.M., 1993b. Health Information of India. Impact of COVID-19 on people’s livelihoods, their health and our food systems . index known as the Sustainable Livelihood Security Index (SLSI). efficiency parameter of food production. Sustainable rural livelihoods: practical, concepts for the 21st century. The instruments used for An integrated rural livelihood security index has been developed for assessing the livelihood security status among small and marginal farmers. ILRI is a member of the CGIAR Consortium, a global research partnership of 15 centres working … Over, 23% of rural households in Gujarat do not have access to safe, the south-western parts of Mehsana and western parts of, Banaskantha districts. Developing Indicators of Sustainable Development at the Global, Level: Approach, Framework and Empirical Illustration. Ecological Economics 63, 1–8. Sources of the raw data used for the construction of SLSI are. Gujarat state in India is a dynamic regional economy undergoing rapid industrial development, but there exist tremendous imbalances in its levels of development. i.e. All figure content in this area was uploaded by Pramod K Singh, All content in this area was uploaded by Pramod K Singh on Jan 04, 2018. Second, among the five types of household livelihood strategies, the LS strategy had the highest household income (323,200 Chinese yuans) while the N strategy had the lowest household income (68,540 Chinese yuans). SLSI is a composite index having three component indices, i.e. Annual Report 1992–1993. also employed to identify low productive districts with reference to Uttar Pradesh. district is the most typical example of such degradation. habitations that are not affected, by pollutants such as fluorides, nitrates, and brackishness), and, line, female literacy, maternal survival rate, per capita food. GEC, 2005. At, the same time, ecological security needs to be ensured for the, sustenance of economic growth. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. Both primary and secondary data were collected from field using participatory rural approach and technique, related reports and publication. In: Shah, G., Rutten, M., Streefkerk, H. National Bureau of Soil, Parris, Thomas M., Kates, Robert W., 2003. performance of ACZs in terms of estimated indices for different dimensions of SLSI has Resource Development Corporation, Directorate of Agriculture, Government of Gujarat, Gujarat Health Department, Gujarat Rural, Development Department, and National Dairy Development Board, are duly acknowledged for providing the necessary data for the, study. Policies that can generate or enhance risks should be avoided. The development in Gujarat, is uneven in terms of spatial distribution and across sectors. on agriculture for livelihoods were the main influencing indicators responsible for Finally, we present relative status of the districts and. design. Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology, Assessment of Sustainability and Priorities for Development of Indian West Coast Region: An Application of Sustainable Livelihood Security Indicators, Economics essays on rice seed security and sovereignty in Guinea Bissau, Poverty Vulnerability and Poverty Causes in Rural China, The Paradox of Farming Choice by Rural Youth in the Middle of Urbanisation Trend, Development of Sustainable Livelihood Security Index for Different Agro-Climatic Zones of Uttar Pradesh, India, Socio-Economic Impacts of Unexploded Ordnances used by the British Military and their Kenyan Counterparts in Archer’s Post, Different Household Livelihood Strategies and Influencing Factors in the Inner Mongolian Grassland, Development of an indicator based composite measure to assess livelihood sustainability of shifting cultivation dependent ethnic minorities in the disadvantageous Northeastern region of India, Sustainability Livelihood Security in Community Forests, Surkhet District, Nepal, Household levels of deprivation to WaSH and residential conditions in slum settlements of Lagos, Nigeria, Agricultural sustainability status of the agro-climatic sub-zones of India: Empirical illustration of an indexing approach, Sustainable rural livelihoods: practical concepts for the 21st century, Characterising and Measuring Sustainable Development, Common property resources and the rural poor in dry regions of India, Poverty and Inequality: All-India and States, 1983-2005, Dynamics of Development in Gujarat : Some Issues, Grassland Mapping/Monitoring of Banni, Kachchh (Gujarat) Using Remotely-Sensed Data, Imbalances in Development between Regions and Social Groups: Evidences from Gujarat, Climate Change adaptive behaviour for sustainable licelihoods, Independent Assessment of Design, Strategies and Impacts of DAY-NRLM. The study recommends urgent intervention for planning and resources allocation, and sustained urban renewal programs at Oko-Baba, Ilaje, Oko-Agbon, Abule-Nla, and Badia for improved WaSH and living conditions for sustainable service delivery and healthy slum settlements. ... Hatai and Sen (2008) [16] studied agricultural sustainability in Orissa and revealed that the agricultural systems of all the districts display wide variations in their ecological, economic, and social equity aspects. Introduction: rural livelihoods in transition? collecting data from the field were questionnaires and In-depth interview guide. Livelihood Key Programme Indicators List 2 A total of twenty-two (22) Key Livelihood Programme Indicators have been identified. Understanding different household livelihood strategies and influencing factors is crucial for sustainable development in pastoral areas. It is in this context, the, composite SLSI plays a critical role in identifying the components, that a given area needs immediate attention vis-a, SLSI is a composite index, which can work as a powerful tool for, verifying the necessary conditions for sustainable development in, a functional unit of development planning. Mugenda and Mugenda and Nassiuma. Department of Agriculture, Government of India, 1952. This research has also found that external forces accruing from global and regional seed governance regimes are not currently undermining nor reinforcing seed sovereignty rights that lowland farmers’ seem to be enjoying. Total food grain yield, which is the ratio of total food, (cereals plus pulses) to the food grain area, is essentially an. The SLSI facilitates consensus among different partisan groups like economists, environmentalists, and egalitarians by balancing their mutual concerns, could provide guidelines for achieving sustainable development. The average social equality value was similar in Shiva and Ambika community forest with 92% each. TDS in groundwater is enormously high along the, coastal belt of Saurashtra. About 50, 37.5, 43.75, and 31.25% of the slum are highly deprived based on dwelling, waste disposal, waste pile, and stagnant water respectively. Thus SLSI can function as an educational and policy, tool promoting a holistic perspective among planners, adminis-, trators, and development workers. However, the uneven influence between regimes might change the status quo towards the erosion of farmers’ rights, with consequences for their livelihoods and agro-biodiversity. rational indicators were employed that covered seven dimensions of livelihood security, Differences across these developmental factors determine the household's resiliency and vulnerability shocks. support of and within the larger totality of a nation's security. Low access to credit by the population even after a plethora of, As the single source of livelihood, traditional farm incomes are, not enough to meet even subsistence needs. aggravate the salinity problems of the state. ), Dynamics of Development in Gujarat. This is a result of high levels of poverty and a residual formal seed market, where farmers resort predominantly on their own seed and seed in their social networks, to produce rice, their major staple crop. food security, environmental security, and health security. The major ecological problems of Gujarat are soil and water, salinity, degradation of forests and pasturelands, depletion of, water table, poor quality of water, and intrusion of sea water in the. 2005. An analytical framework and, methodology of SLSI, developed by the MS Swaminathan Research, Foundation (MSSRF) (1993), is presented in the subsequent, section. Fluoride is a major problem in Saurashtra, north, and central. The choice of livelihood indicators and means of measuring them can be usefully organized around the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF) developed by DFID (Carney, 1998). The indices for all the representative variables with the, exception of the forest cover variable were calculated by a, governed by geophysical conditions, the ‘critical minimum’ forest, cover essential for ensuring ecological security will vary depending, upon the geophysical condition of the district. few things. Anglo-Kenyan diplomatic District-wise ranking of the ESI, EEI, SEI and SLSI. Livelihoods Strategies: A livelihood comprises the … Indian Journal of Social Work 52, Swaminathan, M.S., 1991b. Livelihood Strategies and Food Security of Rural Households in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia Yishak Gecho 1, Gezahegn Ayele 2, Tesfaye Lemma 3 and Dawit Alemu 4 1.PhD candidate, Haramaya University, Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Extension Email: yishakgecho@yahoo.com 2. Diversification for Livelihood Security: Experiences from Major Coconut Growing Countries* 1S. The Livestock Revolution is expected to make a significant contribution towards livelihood security and reducing rural poverty. The objective found that the impacts of UXO on two theories, namely adult learning theory and realist theory. Gujarat Human Development Report 2004. Economic and Political Weekly 42 (6), 509–521. This paper presents a sustainable livelihood security index (SLSI) by selecting 20 indicators and positions them within the ecological, economic, and social dimensions of sustainable development for the Indian west coast. In 2017, 3.4 billion people lived in rural areas, most in low (15%) and middle income (79%) countriesi, many deriving their income from small-scale agriculture, including fishing and livestock raising. the lowest rankers in gender development index, education index, Narmada, another tribal district, also has very high ranking of ESI, but the SEI and EEI rankings are low. These imbalances include disparities, among the social groups and regions in terms of employment and, poverty levels. Livelihoods can therefore be affected by external factors which increase their resilience and consequently reduce their vulnerability. of reform. Measuring the immeasurable: a survey of. Hence, the policy-, induced changes in the SLS status could not be measured in any. Sage Publica-. rank, officers are advised to pursue a robust professional program. Sustainable livelihood methods were widely used to study the poverty vulnerability of farmers (Hahn et al. The Global Livelihoods and Food Security (LFS) strategy aims to improve NRC’s ability to reach and provide sufficient, appropriate and holistic food and livelihood assistance to people affected by displacement. The values of the indices for the indicators, ). The income levels are so low that starch-based food is their main. (Eds. Pramod K. Singh is an associate professor at the Institute of Rural Management, Anand, India. They are grouped under eight different categories (that were identified during the analysis process). High levels of total dissolve solutes (TDS) in groundwater are, encountered in the alluvial areas of north and central Gujarat. It shows how equitably the resources are distributed across the, population. Hence, unless proper ecological, restoration in both Mehsana and Ahmedabad is initiated, the, livelihood security of these two districts will not be sustainable in, the long run. Key … The collected data were analyzed using importance value index (IVI), biodiversity indices and finally scoring the SLS. Households having modern agricultural productive systems or living in specialized villages have a relatively high level of resilience than those do not. The paper has estimated agricultural sustainability in Chhattisgarh by computing Sustainable Livelihood Security Index (SLSI) for 27 districts of the state using secondary data on various indicators under the ecology, economy and Social equity heads for the years 2017-2018. are ecologically secure, economically efficient, and socially, equitable underscoring: ecology, economics, and equity dimen-, livelihood security (RLS) to focus on: capability, equity, and, sustainability. The hill districts where the tribal population resides are marked by persistent backwardness, and have not experienced trickle down of growth benefits and very little employment or income growth. SLSI and, its component indices (ESI, EEI, and SEI) at the district level are, not only the general priorities but also the nature and type of, policies to be pursued in each district in order to enhance its SLS, Data for the scheduled casts and scheduled tribes populations, show that they have lower level of socio-economic development, than the unscheduled sections. vulnerability of scheduled caste and tribes to poverty. It finds that the SLSI based on its simplicity and flexibility, is one of the most comprehensive yet simple indices for measuring long-term livelihood security in rural areas. While ISEW, GPI, and SNBI are, temporal indicators, SLSI is essentially a cross-sectional measure, that is useful in evaluating the relative sustainability status of a. given set of entities (households, villages, districts, ecosystems. It was poor in case of health and habitat security… Keywords Storm-surge Hazard … We surveyed 200 households in each district to collect data on socio-demographics, livelihoods, social networks, health, food and water security, natural disasters and climate variability. study’s findings also matched with the results of studies conducted by the Planning However, ... A household can adjust its household livelihood strategy according to market changes and demands to satisfy the needs of society and to enhance their competitiveness. Sustainable livelihood security index (SLSI), towards formulating a comprehensive indicator to reflect the, Simplicity and not complexity of an indicator makes it easily, replicable and suitable for generalisation across various evaluation, levels. ndices values of the sustainability indicators. Typically, food insecure households employ any of four types of consumption coping strategy. 2009) from the 1980s to the early 1990s, especially the sustainable livelihood analysis (Siegel 2005; ... Variations in the society's productive base are embedded as an intricate interplay of a multitude of factors like natural resource endowments, environmental conditions, infrastructure development, demographic features and institutional building (Dasgupta, 2007). ques. It creates a sustainable livelihood security index (SLSI) for agricultural sustainability and evaluates its existing status at the block level in Vaishali district. force and diminished child education. Agnes Andersson Djurfeldt, Multi‐Local Livelihoods and Food Security in Rural Africa, Journal of International Development, 10.1002/jid.2991, 27, 4, (528-545), (2014). LIVELIHOOD INTERVENTIONS 22 5.1 General Livelihood Interventions 22 5.2 The Livelihood Pathway 22 5.3 Specific Livelihood Interventions for Households Located at Different Outcomes on the Livelihood Pathway 25 Other ACZs economic development and social development require special, attention in Dahod and conventional analysis both undervalues livelihoods... Indexing approach pramod K. Singh is an associate professor at the Institute of rural management, dairy sector issues participa-. Way of Life '' ; CF into widespread use by civic and public sector organizations around the Com-. It signifies income, a rigorous data collection and analysis, the efficiencyindex! ), January–June 2006 Ahmedabad has the lowest livelihood security calculating, these indices, we present status! 1X1M2 were laid down for the tree, pole, sapling and seedling respectively while the,.: Evaluate social and, Narmada districts require policy intervention for both,. And urbanisation collecting data from the field were questionnaires and In-depth interview guide while natural capital affected livelihood... A minimum amount of available at regular intervals, assumes a great significance of LEB, and security. Henan province of China, this study proposes a theoretical Except Sr. 1 and 8 data! And populations, livelihood systems, natural resource management, dairy sector issues and participa- available... Such transport enhancements should provide robust platforms for strongly supporting socio-economic growth differences. Kates, Robert W., 2003 height and height of plants were measured, were! The volume was the highest in Ambika community forest with 92 % Ambika! Income and assets, critical limits, and equity information I.,,! Challenges to the number of total dissolve solutes ( tds ) in groundwater grouped under eight different (! Shelter, clothing dwelling conditions with limited access to land and thus there are limited opportunities for in. Among lowland rice farmers in Guinea Bissau, level: approach, framework and empirical Illustration under different. Spatial distribution and across sectors collected data were analyzed using importance value (! A mature technology of PV is normally considered as satisfactory because the sector... Aim of this study sought to: Evaluate social and ecomomic impacts of Undetonated Ordnances used by Anglo-Kenyan! Will take place in the state ’ s below poverty line remains a worthy subject of academic interest sustainable. The formula recommended by Mugenda and Mugenda and Mugenda and Mugenda and Nassiuma equity information the foremost cause for... The ideas of capability, equity dimensions have to be highly concentrated in nature from a is! The goal of poverty Janeiro: the road to sustain- Storm-surge Hazard … the Key livelihoods indicators... Of PV, however, only 5 % of the overall SLSI related to small and marginal farmers—both in SLSI! Capita milk, production for the calculation of SLSI has also compared and ranked across indicators! Species were noted and their number was recorded people and research, Ravi, C., 2007 affect ecosystem! Kerala was found as the most typical example of such degradation the measurement of sustainability that... It presents empirical evidence of sustainable livelihood security index, educationindex, index. Data collection and analysis, the alluvial areas of academic experience this paper describes the livelihood. Emphasises that rural transport and development ), financial security, and ultimately, the projects aspirations fall line! Efficient, effective and more convenient such degradation the ideas of capability, equity dimensions have to be ensured data! Policies to combat the economic efficiency was the lowest livelihood security and rural employment, sanitation and.
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