Relevant secondary data. Ample studies conducted about livelihood diversification in rural Ethiopia were limited to … This study will help to formulate proper development policies on the part of various concerned authorities for supporting diversification in the rural areas. The paper’s objectives are first, to increase awareness of livelihood diversification in for livelihood to be able to recover from “stress and shocks” but also to be able to “maintain and enhance” capabilities and assets into the future. Livelihood diversification is commonly accepted as the promising strategy to escape from such type of shocks and to transform the rural economy. Livelihood diversification is a strategy that can boost farmers’ income and promote sustainable land management practices. The results imply that these factors need to be considered by policy makers in the planning of agricultural and non agricultural initiatives in this study area. The study shows that livestock mobility would continue to ensure high productivity due to changing environment, … From the model result, other things being constant, the, constraints to engage in alternative non/off-, alternative on-farm only (appendix table 1). in Ethiopia, rural livelihood diversification strategies in Ethiopia, and livelihood diversification strategies. Hence, rural livelihood diversification is equally important for poverty reduction, food security, and wellbeing [20,23]. Descriptive statistics (mean, percentage and frequency) and inferential statistics (ANOVA and chi-square) were used. The study used a primary data collected from 180 randomly selected households using interview schedule. of livelihood diversification on household income from a broader perspective, also taking into account Composite Entropy Index to measure level of livelihood diversification and 2SLS technique for endogenity to obtain unbiased and robust estimates of livelihood diversification impacts in rural Ethiopia. A Case Study of Non-Farm Rural Livelihood Diversification in Lume Woreda, Oromiya Reginonal Rural land poor pursue less rewarding wage employment activities while farmers who have more asset base were found to integrate farming to non-farm sources of income such as trade. Furthermore, the estimated Tobit model result revealed that age of the household head, family size and off-farm and non-farm income positively affected extent of households food insecurity; whereas access to irrigation, farm income, distance to market and access to credit negatively affected the extent of households’ food insecurity. In addition, focus group discussions and key informants interview were also used. The key informants interview and focus group discussion, This study examined rural households' off-farm and non-farm employment activities and determinants of their participation in off-farm and non-farm employment opportunities in Assosa zone, western Ethiopia. This paper analyzes the livelihood of the Borana pastoral communities of Southern Oromiya in Ethiopia. The multistage sampling technique was adopted to systematically select the 118 households from which to collect data through household surveys, field observation and FGDs. The study used a primary data collected from 276 randomly selected households for 7 consecutive days from each sample using weighed records method. LIVELIHOODS AND COPING STRATEGIES OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN ABELA LIDA PEASANT ASSOCIATION OF SHEBEDINO DISTRICT, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA. The descriptive statistics result shows that agricultural activities are the most important source of income for rural households in Fedis District contributing 77% of total household income with the remaining 23% originating from nonagricultural activities. Since sustainable livelihood framework was developed the co-existence of livelihood strategies and livelihood outcome (food security in this case) has been a critical discussion for the past two decade. in Ethiopia. By KEMERIA BARSENGA KEDIR Submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements For the degree of MASTER IN HUMAN ECOLOGY At the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA SUPERVISOR: F.T TABIT May, 2015 Damite and Negatu (2004) explored the determinants of rural livelihood diversification in southern Ethiopia. This finding is similar to that of Fikru (2008). Survey result shows that about 38 percent of the respondents integrate agricultural and non-farm activities. literacy status of the household heads, leadership, access to training and participation in cooperative membership. The results of this study suggest that both agricultural intensification and non/off-farm diversification should be strengthened to attain smallholder households' livelihood security. This study examined the effect of household livelihood on food security in Angolela and Tera District by taking randomly selected sample of 256 household and multi-nominal probit regression was used. Descriptive statistics were used to identify asset endowments and livelihood activities while multinomial, The livelihood of most people in Ethiopia depends on subsistence agriculture whose carrying capacity has decreased due to rapid population growth rate and farm size reduction. However, these farmers could not easily participate in diversified activities. A mixed research method of sequential transformative strategy was used. A mixed research method of sequential transformative strategy was used. Researchmethods The study sites ˚e study was conducted during the year 2016/17 in Saesietsaeda Emba district, Eastern Zone of Tigray, Ethiopia which is found at about 883˝km north of Addis This study used multinomial logit model to identify determinants of livelihood strategies in Wolaita, Southern Ethiopia. Multivariate probit model was estimated to identify the factors determining households' choice of adaptation strategies to climate change. Livelihood diversification is defined as the process by which rural families construct a diverse portfolio of activities and social support capabilities in order to survive and to improve their standards of living. Hence, this study identified the livelihood strategies adopted by smallholder farmers and assessed the determinants of their decisions to choose diversified livelihood strategies in the Wogera district. This paper examines livelihood diversification as a survival strategy of rural households in developing countries. Participation into off, of Agricultural Research 2015;10(19):1998, Appendix table 1: Parameter estimates of the multino, ***, ** and * significant at 1%, 5% and 10% prob. Rural Households Livelihood Strategies, gives a breakdown of the different livelihood strategies that house, Figure 2: livelihood strategies used by rural households in the study area, combined crop and livestock production with, absence of difference) between the livelihood groups o, terms of total annual cash income and freq, and off-farm and a combination of farm, off-farm and, Table 1: Summary statistics for continuous variables by the c, On the other hand, a chi-square test indicated the existence of statistically si, difference between the livelihood groups in terms of the literacy status of HH h, and participation in cooperatives at less than 10% significanc, Table 2: Summary of statistics for dummy variables b, 3.3. Smallholder rural farm households face an increasing need of looking for alternative income sources to supplement their small scale agricultural activities. Moreover, secondary data were, Rural livelihood activities become increasingly diversified. The objective of the proposed project is to improved Livelihood Resilience of Pastoral and Agro-Pastoral Communities in Ethiopia. Livelihood diversification is commonly accepted as the promising strategy to escape from such type of shocks and to transform the rural economy. This could be due to the relation between larger family size and household, with a livestock activity. 153, smallholder farmers in Fedis district, Eastern Hararghe z, Amsalu B., G. Kindie, K. Belay and S.P.R. In particular, age and race of the operator and on-farm erosion potential are significantly related to the use of conservation tillage but not other practices. The western part of Ethiopia, Assosa zonein particular, is hit by high degree of incidence of food insecurity as agricultural production and productivity is highly vulnerable to climate variables (Sani and Kemaw 2017). A survey of 133 sample households, and four KIIs were employed. This study is aimed at identifying and describing the existing livelihood options and the determinants of the choice of the households' livelihood strategies in the pastoral areas of Yabello District. It is universally accepted the fact that agriculture sector is incapable of creating sufficient gainful employment, food security and spurring economic growth in rural areas of developing countries. Ethiopia, and sustainable land management (SLM) is key in dealing with its adverse impacts. Chaurasia, 2014. Additional factors such as perception of erosion, education level, off-farm employment, and tenancy also influence conservation expenditures. The very small number of studies conducted in Ethiopia documented the contribution of livelihood diversification to small holder farmers [9–11]. It is universally accepted the fact that agriculture sector is incapable of creating sufficient gainful employment, food security and spurring economic growth in rural areas of developing countries. Primary data were collected from a randomly selected 140 sample households through interview and focus group discussions. MNL model was estimated to identify the determinants of households' choice of livelihood strategies. The study found that beyond agriculture, significant proportion of the households pursue non-farm activities. The purpose of this study was to identify the livelihood strategies and diversification status in the western tip of Ethiopia, Lare woreda. Government policies need to designed and implemented comprehensive strategies in order to keep non-farm household food security. Accordingly, Asfir, Rural Livelihoods in Armenia: The Centre for Agricultural Economic Research, the Department of Agricultural Economics and Management Discussion Paper No, Bezemer, D. J. and Lerman, Z., 2002. The finding of the study revealed that the majority (66.1%) of sampled households was engaged in off-farm and non-farm employment opportunities. To effect self development of the community, support to local cooperatives may have positive effects on the income generating capacity. Livelihood diversification strategy is playing an important role to generate rural household’s income. analysis of factors determining livelihood diversification among smallholder farmers in kwazulu-natal by collin lazuras yobe submitted in fulfilment of the academic requirements for the degree of master of science in agriculture: agricultural economics in the school of agricultural, earth and environmental sciences Results indicate that financial factors, including income and debt, are the most important influences on the sample farmers' use of conservation practices. s, facilitating the availability of credit and fertilizer, : Livelihood, Livelihood strategies, Multino, be a random variable representing the livelihood strategy chosen by any, and the set of explanatory variables X as (Greene, 2, settlement of the HH head positively affects the co, farmers’ decision to diversify livelihood strategy, As expected, this variable found to have a positive and significant influence on, Enhancing settler households’ knowledge an, Enhancing elder households’ awareness to ensure availability and dissemination of accurate information as it, , for those households who have large famil. 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